1
Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
2
Graduated from Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
3
Graduated from the University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
Abstract
Economic rent is complex and multidimensional phenomenon with multiple causes and effects. In recent years, in spite of the complexity and sensitivity of dealing with this complication, studies on the measurement of rent, the causes and ways of deterrence have been conducted by scientific and international assemblies. This article, using fuzzy logic, describes how to model economic relations, introduces a new algorithm for rent estimation in the period of 1981-2014 in Iran with an economic approach. The results of the research show that, with the assumption that "size of government" and "economic security" are the economic key determinants of rent, the trend of the economic rent fuzzy index of Iran during in period has fluctuated between 0.43 and 0.72 and has the ascending progress during this period. It is worth noting that, during the period under review, the lowest level of fuzzy economic rent index is related to the two periods of 1983 and 1987 and the highest rate of fuzzy economic rent index is related to the year 1993.
1. ابریشمی، حمید؛ و محمد هادیان، (1383)، «رانتجویی و رشد اقتصادی(شواهد تجربی ایران)»، مجلهتحقیقات اقتصادی، شماره 67، صص 1-28.
2. بینا (1382)، فساد مالی و اقتصادی ریشهها و پیامدها، تهران: تدبیر اقتصاد، جلد3، صص 286-325.
3. تفضلی، فریدون (1372)، تاریخ عقاید اقتصادی از افلاطون تا دوره معاصر، چاپ هشتم، تهران: نی.
4. خضری، محمد (1388)، «اقتصاد سیاسی رانتجویی در بودجهریزی دولتی ایران»، پژوهشنامه علوم سیاسی، دوره 3، شماره 4(12)، صص 39-72.
5. عباسزادگان، سید محمد (1383)، فساد اداری، دفتر پژوهشهای فرهنگی.
6. فرزین، محمدرضا (1388)، ارزیابی نحوه اجرای سیاستهای کلی امنیت اقتصادی (با استفاده از شاخصها)، کمیسیون نظارت دبیرخانه مجمع تشخیص مصلحت نظام.
7. فضلینژاد، سیفالله؛ و مرتضی احمدیان (1389)، «اقتصاد رانتی در ایران و راههای برون رفت از آن»، مجله اقتصادی-ماهنامه بررسی مسائل و سیاستهای اقتصادی، شمارههای 11و12، صص 129-158.
8. کاویانی، زهرا (1390)، «رانت اقتصادی و شاخصهای اندازهگیری آن»، فصلنامه دانش ارزیابی، سال سوم؛ شماره هفتم، ص 143.
9. مداح، مجید؛ و سارا ابراهیمی (1393)، «اثر فرصتهای رانتجویی بر حجم سپردههای بانکی بخش خصوصی در ایران»، فصلنامهپژوهشهایاقتصادی )رشدوتوسعهپایدار(، سال شانزدهم، شماره دوم، تابستان 1395، صص 57-72.
10. مهرابینژاد، حسین (1388)، «کارکردهای اقتصاد رانتی و تأثیر آن بر روند جنگ ایران و عراق»، نگین ایران، دوره 8، شماره 30، صص65-77.
11. Acemoglu, Daron. (1995). Reward Structures and the Allocation of Talent. European Economic Review, No. 39. PP. 17-33.
12. Auty, Richard M. (2001). Resource and Economic Development. Oxford University Press, Oxford and New York.
13. Auty, Richard M. (2001). Resource Abundance and Economic Development. Oxford University Press. Oxford.
14. Baland, Jean-Marie., & Francois, Patrick. (2000). Rent-seeking and Resours Booms. Journal of Development Economics, Vol. 61. No. 2. PP. 527-542.
15. Buchanan, James. M. (1980). Rent Seeking and Profit Seeking. In J.M. Buchanan, R. D. Tollison, and G.Tullock, No. 3-15.
16. Gelb, Alan. H. (1988). Oil Windfalls, Blessing or Curse. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
17. Iqbal, Nasir., & Daly, Vince. (2013). Rent Seeking Opportunities and Economic Growth in Trasitional Economies. PIED Working Papers.
18. Johnston, Michael. (n.d). Measuring Corruption: Numbers Versus Knowledge Versus Understanding.
19. Kabiru, Kamalu., & Shehu, Abdulaziz. (2015). Rent Seeking Opportunities and Income Inequality in Africa. Journal of Economics and Finance (IOSR-JEF),Vol. 6. No. 6. PP. 127-133.
22. Krueger, Anne. (1974). The Political Economy of the Rent-Seeking Society. Amwrican Economic Review, Vol. 64. No. 3. PP. 291-303.
23. Leite, Carlos., & Weidman, Jens. (1999). Does Mather Nature Corrupt? Natural Resources Corruption and Economic Growth. African and Research Departments,International Monetary Fund.WP/99/85.
24. Mueller, Dennis C. (2003). Public Choice III. Cambridge University Press.
25. Murphy, Kevin M., Andrei, Shleifer., & Vishny, Robert W. (1993). Why is Rent-Seeking So Costly to Growth? The American Economic Review, Vol. 135. PP. 409-414.
26. Nili, Farhad., & Talmain, Gabriel. (2001). Rent-seeking, Occupational Choice and Oil Boom. Journal the University of York, Discussion Paper in
27. Tullock, Gordon. (1967). The Welfare Costs of Tariffs, Monopolies, and Theft. Western Economic Journal, Vol. 5. No. 3. PP. 224
shaghaghi,V. , alizadeh,S. and jamshidi,N. (2019). Measuring economic rent in Iran using fuzzy logic (economic approach). The Journal of Economic Studies and Policies, 6(1), 245-266.
MLA
shaghaghi,V. , , alizadeh,S. , and jamshidi,N. . "Measuring economic rent in Iran using fuzzy logic (economic approach)", The Journal of Economic Studies and Policies, 6, 1, 2019, 245-266.
HARVARD
shaghaghi V., alizadeh S., jamshidi N. (2019). 'Measuring economic rent in Iran using fuzzy logic (economic approach)', The Journal of Economic Studies and Policies, 6(1), pp. 245-266.
CHICAGO
V. shaghaghi, S. alizadeh and N. jamshidi, "Measuring economic rent in Iran using fuzzy logic (economic approach)," The Journal of Economic Studies and Policies, 6 1 (2019): 245-266,
VANCOUVER
shaghaghi V., alizadeh S., jamshidi N. Measuring economic rent in Iran using fuzzy logic (economic approach). The Journal of Economic Studies and Policies, 2019; 6(1): 245-266.
