منابع:
1- قائمی، محمد حسین، وطن پرست، محمد رضا، ، بررسی نقش اطلاعات حسابداری در کاهش عدم تقارن اطلاعاتی در بورس اوراق بهادار تهران، بررسیهای حسابداری و حسابرسی،1384، شماره 41، صص. 105-85.
2- Affleck-Graves, J., Hegde, S., Miller, R,. Trading mechanisms and the components of the bid-ask spread. The Journal of Finance 49 (4), 1471-1488, 1994.
3- Aharony, J. and I. Swary, “Quarterly Dividends and Earnings Announcements and Stockholders’ Returns: an Empirical Analysis,” Journal of Finance, pp.1-12, March 1980.
4- Barnea A. and Logue, D., “The Effect of Risk on the Market Maker’s Spread,” Financial Analyst Journal, pp. 45-49, November 1975.
5- Beaver, W., P. Kettler, and M. Scholes, “The Association between Market Determined and Accounting Determined Risk Measures,” The Accounting Review, pp. 654-682, October 1970.
6- Benston, G. and R. Hagerman, “Determinants of Bid-Asked Spreads in the OTC Market,” Journal of Financial Economics, pp. 353-364, December 1974.
7- Bollen, N., T.Smith, and Whaley,"Modelling the Bid-Ask Spread,” Measuring the Inventory-Holding Premium,"Journal of Financial Economics, 72(2004), pp.97-141.
8- Boone, J.,"Oil and Gas Reserve Value Disclosures and Bid–AskSpreads", Journal of Accounting and Public Policy 17(1998)55-84.
9- Branch, B., Freed, W., 1977."Bid-ask spread on AMEX and the big board". Journal of Finance 32,159–163.
10- Brockman, P & Dennis Y. Chung, Bid-Ask Spread Components in an Order-Driven Environment, 22 J. FIN. RES, 1999.
11- Chung, K.B.VanNess and R.VanNess,"Limit Orders and the Bid-Ask Spread", Journal of Financial Economics, pp.255-287, August 1999.
12- Copeland, T. and D. Galai, “Information Effects of the Bid-Ask Spread,” Journal of Finance, pp. 1457-1469, December 1983.
13- Demsetz, H., “The Cost of Transacting,” Quarterly Journal of Economics, pp. 33-53, February 1968.
14- Elgers P. and D. Murray, “The Impact of the Choice of Market Index on the Empirical Evaluation of Accounting Risk Measures,” The Accounting Review, pp. 358-375, April 1982.
15- Glosten, L. and P. Milgrom, “Bid, Ask and Transaction Prices in a Specialist Market with Heterogeneously Informed Traders,” Journal of Financial Economics, pp. 71-100, March 1985.
16- George, T.J., Kaul, G., Nimalendran, M, and Estimation of the bid–ask spread and its components: a new approach. Review of Financial Studies 4, 623–656, 1991.
17- Handa, P., R.Schwartz, and A.Tiwari,"Quote Setting and Price Formation in an Order Driven Market,"Journal of Financial Markets, Forthcoming. January 2002.
18- Hanousek, J.and R.Podpiera,"Informed Trading and the Bid-Ask Spread: Evidence from an Emerging Market,"Journal of Comparrative Economics 31 (2003) 275-296.
19- Harris, L, Minimum price variations, discrete bid–ask spreads, and quotation sizes. Review of Financial Studies 7, 149–178, 1994.
20- Ho, T. and H. Stoll, “On Dealer Markets under Competition,” Journal of Finance, pp. 259-267, May 1980.
21- Huang, R., Stoll, H, The components of the bid-ask spread: a general approach. Review of Financial Studies 10, 995-1034, 1997.
22- Kim & J. David Diltz,. The Effect of Option Trading on the Structure of Equity Bid/Ask Spreads, 12 REV. QUANTITATIVE ACCT. & FIN. 395- 405, 1999.
23- Lev, B., “Toward a Theory of Equitable and Efficient Accounting Policy,” TheAccounting Review, pp. 1-22, January 1988.
24- Madhavan, A., Richardson, M., Roomans, M, Why do security prices change? A transaction-level analysis of NYSE stocks. Review of Financial Studies 10, 1035-1064, 1997.
25- Menyah, K., Paudyal, K., The components of bid-ask spreads on the London Stock Exchange. Journal of Banking & Finance 24, 1767-1785, 2000.
26- McInish, T. H. and Wood, R. A. ‘An Analysis of Intraday Pattern in Bid/Ask Spreads for NYSE Stocks’, Journal of Finance, 47, 753-764, 1992.
27- Michello, F., "Structural Change and the Bid-Ask spread: Evidence from the Johannesburg Stock Exchange(JSE), "Emerging markets Review 2, 280-291, 2001.
28- Morse, D. and N. Ushman “The Effect of Information Announcements on the Market Microstructure,” The Accounting Review, pp. 247-258, April 1983.
29- Ohlson, J., “Financial Ratios and the Probablistic Prediction of Bankruptcy,” Journal of Accounting Research, pp. 109-131, Spring 1980.
30- Roll, R., “A Simple Implicit Measure of the Effective Bid-Ask Spread in an Efficient Market,” The Journal of Finance, pp. 1127-1139, March 1984.
31- Rozeff, M., “Growth, Beta and Agency Costs as Determinants of Dividend Payout Ratios,” Journal of Financial Research, pp. 249-259, Fall 1982.
32- Ryan, H.,"The Use of Financial Ratios as Measures of Determinants of Risk in the Determination of the Bid-Ask Spread,"Journal of Financial and Strategic Decisions, pp.33-40, summer 1996.
33- Silva, A. & Gonzalo Chavez, 2002. Components of Execution Costs: Evidence ofAsymmetricInformation at the Mexican Stock Exchange, 12 J. INT’L FINS MARKETS, INSTITUTIONS & MONEY 253, 272 (2002).
34- Stoll, H., “The Supply of Dealer Services in Securities Markets,”Journal of Finance, pp.1133-1151, September 1978.
35- Stoll, H. “Inferring the Components of the Bid-Ask Spread: Theory and Empirical Tests,” Journal of Finance, pp. 115-134, March 1989.
36- Tinic, S. M. ‘The Economics of Liquidity Services’, Quarterly Journal ofEconomics, 86, 79-93, 1972.
37- Tinic, S. and R. West, “Competition and the Pricing of Dealer Service in the Over-the-Counter Market,”Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, pp. 1707-1728, June 1972.
38- Tinic, S., West, R., 1974. Marketability of common stocks in Canada and the U.S.A.: a comparison of agent versus dealer dominated markets. Journal of Finance 29, 729–746, 1974.
39- Voetmann, T., 2000. Changes in the Bid-Ask Components around Earnings Announcements: Evidence from the Copenhagen Stock Exchange (unpublished manuscript, on file with author), 2000.
40- Wang, J., 1999. Asymmetric Information and the Bid-Ask Spread: An Empirical Comparison between Automated Order Execution and Open Outcry Auction, 9 J. INT’L FIN. MARKETS, INST. & MONEY 115- 125, 1999.
