کودکانِ کار در خانوارهای ایران

کشاورز حداد, غلامرضا; نظرپور, محمدنقی; سیفی کفشگری, محسن

کودکانِ کار در خانوارهای ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

غلامرضا کشاورز حداد ¹

محمدنقی نظرپور ²

محسن سیفی کفشگری ³

¹ دانشیار علوم اقتصادی دانشگاه صنعتی شریف

² دانشیار اقتصاد دانشگاه مفید

³ کارشناس ارشد علوم اقتصادی

چکیده

چکیده
کار کودکان می‌تواند نشانی از «فقر جاری» بوده و به نوبه خود یکی از عوامل پدیدآورنده «فقر آتی» و نیز استمرار سیکل بسته فقر در خانواده به حساب آید. در این پژوهش، با استفاده از داده‌های طرح درآمد و مخارج خانوارهای ایران (1387) عوامل درون خانواده مؤثر بر کار و تحصیل کودکان با استفاده از مدل‌های پروبیت دوگانه ارزیابی می‌گردد. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که ویژگی‌های خانوارها در شکل‌گیری این پدیده مؤثر است. به طوری که عوامل درون خانواده مؤثر بر کار کودکان در ایران می‌‌تواند ناشی از برخی ویژگی‌های کودک (مانند، سن، جنس، تحصیلات، درآمد) و یا متأثر از ویژگی‌های پدر و مادر کودک (مانند، تحصیلات، درآمد و ساعات کار والدین) بوده و علاوه بر آن به دلیل برخی از ویژگی‌های خانوار (مانند، شهری یا روستایی بودن) باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

واژگان کلیدی: کودکان کار

بازماندگی از تحصیل

مدل پروبیت دوگانه

عنوان مقاله English

Child Labor in Iranian Households

نویسندگان English

Gholam Reza Keshavarz Haddad ¹

Mohammad naqi Nazarpour ²

Mohsen Seifi Kafshgari ³

¹ Associate Professor of Economics, Sharif University of Technology

² Associate Professor of Mofid University Economics

³ Master of Economics

چکیده English

Child labor is a sign of “current household’s poverty”, which in turn leads to “future poverty” and causes vicious circle of poverty in a family. This research aims to assess the intra-household factors that affecting the work and school attendance of children, by using Bivariate-probit models as a joint decision making of parents in Iran. We use households’ income and expenditure survey 2009 both for urban and rural areas. Our findings reveal that family background of children is among the main causes of child work decision in urban and rural families. More specifically, parental age, schooling, wage and non-labor earning are the main determinants of child’s time allocation. Furthermore, child gender, her age and region of residence are observed as significant factors which cause being a child labor.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Child Labor

Schooling

Bivariate-Probit

الف- فارسی
1. دو هفته نامة فرهنگ و پژوهش؛ اردیبهشت‌ ماه، 1382، شماره 108.
2. مرکز آمار ایران؛ نتایج سرشماری نفوس و مسکن سال 1375، تهران، انتشارات سازمان برنامه و بودجه، 1388.
3. مرکز آمار ایران؛ نتایج سرشماری نفوس و مسکن سال 1385، پایگاه اطلاعات مرکز ملی آمار (درگاه ملی آمار)، 1388.
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